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SQL

Structured Query Language

Definition

SQL is the standard language for querying and manipulating relational databases, covering data retrieval (SELECT), modification (INSERT, UPDATE, DELETE), and schema management (CREATE, ALTER, DROP). Despite being over 50 years old, SQL remains the dominant language for data work across OLTP, OLAP, and ELT pipelines.

Modern SQL dialects like PostgreSQL extend the standard with JSON support, window functions, and CTEs.


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